An appraisal is an opinion of value or the act or process of estimating value. This opinion or estimate is derived by using three common approaches, all derived from the market.

1. Cost Approach to value is what it would cost to replace or reproduce the improvements as of the date of the appraisal, less the Physical Deterioration, the Functional Obsolescence and the Economic Obsolescence. The remainder is added to the Land Value.
2. Comparison Approach to value makes use of other "bench mark" properties of similar size, quality and location that have been recently sold. A comparison is made to the subject property.
3. Income Approach to value is of primary importance in ascertaining the value of income producing properties and has little weight in residential type properties. This approach provides an objective estimate of what a prudent investor would pay based upon the net income the property produces.

Having these items on hand when you visit the mortgage company will help speed up the application process. Usually an application fee and the appraisal fee will have to be paid when you submit the mortgage application. After the initial meeting with the mortgage company, you should have a general idea if you qualify for the size and type of loan you want. After the mortgage application, the mortgage company should let you know if you qualify for the loan within days.

(Article Courtesy Mortgage 101)

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